"Malthus book had been widely read, but Darwin's swept all before it. Not only did biologists now have a compass to steer by, but social philosophers and, particularly, enterprising industrialists and galloping imperialists could now justify the exploitation of their workers, the maintenance of a permanent pool of unemployed labor, and the expropriation and exploitation of "inferior" or "superannuated" races. Biologists could claim that animals are in a constant state of "warfare" with one another, and that....
Ashley montagu, on being human
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